Identification of irisin immunoreactivity in porcupine (Hystrix cristata) adrenal glands and kidneys

Irisin, a novel peptide, was initially been shown to be expressed explicitly in the muscle tissues. We studied the presence of irisin immunoreactivity in porcupine adrenal glands and kidneys. Immunocytochemistry showed that irisin was localised both in the adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla. In organs, irisin immunoreactivity was found in the tubular and collecting system of the nephron. The functional role of irisin in the adrenal gland and kidney has not been precisely yet. However, irisin might have a paracrine and autocrine function as do other locally produced peptides.     

不同公母配比对提高豪猪繁殖性能的影响

为探讨不同公母配比对提高豪猪产仔数、存活数等繁殖性能的影响。选取2岁左右、胎次及产仔数相近的成年豪猪92只(32公60母),随机分为5组,每组4个重复,分别按1公1母、1公2母、1公3母、2公5母、3公4母搭配分成5种试验方案,各组采用相同的日粮进行饲喂,经过1年的试验,期间记录各组豪猪的流产母豪猪数、产仔母豪猪数、产仔数、食仔数、成活仔豪猪数。结果表明:5种不同的公母搭配中,公母配比为1公2母的产仔率和仔豪猪的成活率分别达到了87.50%、94.12%,平均产仔数为2.13只,繁殖性能和经济效益最理想。     

豪猪肉常规成分的检测分析

为了探讨豪猪肉的营养价值,以便更好地对豪猪进行开发与利用,作者对豪猪肉进行了常规养分的检测分析,并与其它常用食用动物肉进行比较,结果表明,豪猪肉是一种高蛋白、高谷氨酸、低脂肪、低胆固醇且口感良好的肉食品。其常规养分的含量符合现代人既营养又保健的科学膳食理念。     

豪猪的人工繁殖技术

为了更好地保护和利用豪猪的自然资源,作者于1999年3月~2004年12月对豪猪的人工繁殖技术进行了研究,结果表明:雌豪猪的性成熟年龄为10~12月龄,雄豪猪的性成熟年龄为12~14月龄;豪猪全年均可发情交配,但以春秋两季为旺;豪猪的怀孕期为85~95 d;豪猪年产1~2胎,每胎1~4只。豪猪的繁殖率和幼仔的成活率都高达90%以上。     

豪猪源肠侵袭型大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及致病性研究

【目的】 查明引起福建省龙岩市某豪猪养殖场致豪猪腹泻死亡的病原菌及其特征,为该病的科学防控及合理用药提供参考依据。【方法】 分离腹泻死亡豪猪的病原,并结合形态特征、生理生化试验、16S rRNA基因扩增、种系发育分群鉴定分离菌株;通过毒力基因检测、动物致病性试验及药敏试验对分离菌株的致病性和耐药性进行研究。【结果】 从发病死亡豪猪肝脏组织中分离到1株大肠杆菌,命名为Fj/Porcupine2018,该分离菌株与22株不同来源的参考菌株16S rRNA序列之间的相似度为97.4%~99.8%,其中与禽源分离株（登录号：MN022583）和人源分离株（登录号：MW881377）的序列相似度高达99.8%;种系发育分群证实该分离菌株属于B1群。毒力基因检测结果显示,该分离菌株除检出肠侵袭型大肠杆菌毒力基因EinV外,还检出papC、iroC、Afa、luxs、stx2f及ompA 6种毒力相关基因。动物致病性试验显示,该分离菌株对小鼠具有较强的致病性,小鼠在攻毒后31 h内全部死亡,且肝脏、脾脏、肺脏及肠道等器官组织均有明显的病理损伤;在对常见抗菌药物的药敏试验中,该分离菌株对大环内酯类、四环素类、喹诺酮类、磺胺类、头孢类、氨基糖苷类、青霉素类7类11种药物表现出不同程度的耐药,耐药率为25%~100%,仅对头孢曲松和头孢西叮2种药物表现敏感。【结论】 本研究分离获得了1株腹泻死亡豪猪的病原菌大肠杆菌,通过一系列生物学特性研究证实该分离菌为1株具有较强致病力且呈现多重耐药性的B1群肠侵袭型大肠杆菌,为豪猪等野生动物大肠杆菌病的防控提供了重要的参考依据。     

日粮中添加微生态制剂对豪猪生产性能及血液生化指标影响的研究

为探讨日粮中添加微生态制剂对豪猪日增重和料重比及血液生化指标的影响,选取3月龄体重相近豪猪18只,随机分成2组,每组9只,3个重复(1公2母),分别饲喂2种不同的日粮:对照组为基础日粮,试验组为基础日粮+0.5%微生态制剂,进行28 d的饲养试验,测定试验豪猪的日增重、料重比及白蛋白、尿素氮、谷丙转氨酶等血液生化指标....     

Field evaluation of some bait additives against Indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica) (Rodentia: Hystricidae)

This research study evaluated the effect of different additives on the bait consumption by Indian crested porcupine, a serious forest and agricultural pest, under field conditions. Different additives (saccharin, common salt, bone meal, fish meal, peanut butter, egg yolk, egg shell powder, yeast powder, mineral oil and coconut oil) at 2 and 5% each were tested for their relative preference, using groundnut–maize (1:1) as basic bait. All the additives were tested under a no‐choice test pattern. For control tests, no additive was mixed with the basic bait. Saccharin at 5% concentration significantly enhanced the consumption of bait over the basic bait, while 2% saccharin supplemented bait resulted in a non‐significant bait consumption. All other additives did not enhance the consumption of the bait material; rather, these worked as repellents. However, the repellency was lowest with the common salt, followed by egg yolk, egg shell powder, bone meal, peanut butter, mineral oil, fish meal and yeast powder, while coconut remained the most repellent compound. The present study suggested that groundnut–maize (1:1) supplemented with 5% saccharin was the preferred bait combination, and can be used with different rodenticides for the management of Indian crested porcupine.     

Localization of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in the sebaceous gland of the dorsal region in the Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica)

Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) was believed to be an exclusive protein found in the brown adipose tissue of small rodents and humans; however, recent studies show that the expression of UCP-1 protein has been found in the sebaceous glands of the mouse tail and human skin. There are a few reports about the presence of UCP-1 in the sebaceous glands of other rodents, such as the Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica), a wild spiny rodent commonly found in Indonesia with a large sebaceous gland. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of UCP-1 in the sebaceous glands on the skin of the Sunda porcupine. The skin from three regions (thoracodorsal, lumbosacral and apex caudal) of eight adult Sunda porcupines was used to detect UCP-1-immunopositive cells through immunohistochemistry. All three regions were found immunopositive to anti-UCP-1 antibody in the sebaceous gland of quill and hair follicles, and the epidermal layer in quill and hair follicles with various intensities. The result of immunohistochemistry revealed that the thoracodorsal and apex caudal region was the most intense immunoreaction followed by the lumbosacral region. These findings proved that the presence of UCP-1 was also identified in the sebaceous glands of other rodent (Hystrix javanica) and regions of the body, which has not been reported previously.     

“中益健长宝”饲喂生长豪猪的效果

为了研究“中益健长宝”对提高仔豪猪的生长速度和抗病作用。选用18头日龄相近。体重3．0kg左右的生长豪猪随机分成试验组和对照组，每组3个重复，每个重复3头。对照组饲喂基础日粮，试验组饲喂基础日粮加0．5％中益健长宝，预试期为7d，试验期28d。试验结果表明：“中益健长宝”可将豪猪头平日增重提高58．78％，料重比降低34．06％，经济效益提高了41．67％，效果极为显著。同时，试验组较对照组表现出抗病力更强，皮毛光泽度更好。     

豪猪的驯养特性

阐述了豪猪形态特征 ,生活习性及驯养条件下常见疾病和防治